Java实现根据excel模板导出数据（适合导出结构复杂的excel）

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打开创建好的文件province.xls，开始定义模板，设置变量用${}形式，此处的变量要和后边java代码中的model类的字段要一致，这样才能把具体数据输出到excel模板对应的位置

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1.依赖

<!-- jxls poi -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.15</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.15</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
            <version>3.15</version>
        </dependency>

2.model类

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class AreaModel {

    private Integer no;

    private Integer areaCode;

    private String areaName;

    private Integer level;
}

3.util类

import net.sf.jxls.transformer.XLSTransformer;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Map;

public class TemplateExcelUtils {

    /**
     * 根据模板导出数据
     * @param fileName
     * @param sourcePath resource/template文件夹下路径
     * @param beanParams
     * @param response
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void downLoadExcel(String fileName,String sourcePath, Map<String, Object> beanParams, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        try{
            OutputStream os = getOutputStream(fileName,response);
            //读取模板
            InputStream is = TemplateExcelUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("template/"+sourcePath);
            XLSTransformer transformer = new XLSTransformer();
            //向模板中写入内容
            Workbook workbook = transformer.transformXLS(is, beanParams);
            //写入成功后转化为输出流
            workbook.write(os);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 导出文件时为Writer生成OutputStream.
     * @param fileName 文件名
     * @param response response
     * @return ""
     */
    private static OutputStream getOutputStream(String fileName,
                                                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        try {
            fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");
            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf8");
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName + ".xls");
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "public");
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
            response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "max-age=0");
            return response.getOutputStream();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new Exception("导出excel表格失败!", e);
        }
    }
}

4.业务类

@Override
    public void exportTemplateProvinceAreaData(HttpServletResponse response){
        List<Area> areas = areaMapper.queryProvinceArea();  // 此处是我本地项目的mapper，是为了获取省份数据
        List<AreaModel> result = new ArrayList<>();
        areas.stream().forEach(area -> {
            AreaModel areaModel = new AreaModel();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(area,areaModel);
            result.add(areaModel);
        });
        IntStream.range(0, result.size()).forEach(i -> {
            result.get(i).setNo(i+1);
        });
        try {
            Map<String,Object> param = new HashMap<>();
            param.put("title","省份数据");
            param.put("list",result);
            TemplateExcelUtils.downLoadExcel("省份数据","province.xls",param,response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ServiceException(ResultCode.EXPORT_ERROR);
        }
    }

这是我业务层areaMapper.queryProvinceArea();所返回的省份数据

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5.controller层

@GetMapping("/exportTemplateData")
    public void exportTemplateData(HttpServletResponse response){
        areaService.exportTemplateProvinceAreaData(response);
    }

返回的excel

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7.到这里根据模板导出就做好了。上面是一个比较简单的模板，也可以定义复杂结构的模板。

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导出的数据。

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8.如果用easypoi导出的话
8.1依赖

<!--easy poi excel文件导出-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
            <artifactId>easypoi-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

8.2修改实现

private void excelExport(List<TencentMeetingParticipantResultVO> list, MeetingLive meetingLive,
                             HttpServletResponse response) {
        String fileName = "参会成员信息表";
        TemplateExportParams param = new TemplateExportParams("templates/canhuixinxi.xlsx", true);
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
        data.put("title", meetingLive.getName());
        data.put("id", meetingLive.getLiveId());
        String userName = "";
        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(meetingLive.getCreateUser())){
            User user = userMapper.selectById(meetingLive.getCreateUser());
            if(user!=null){
                userName = user.getFirstName() + user.getLastName();
            }
        }
        data.put("user", userName);
        data.put("beginTime", format.format(meetingLive.getBeginTime()));
        data.put("endTime", format.format(meetingLive.getEndTime()));
        data.put("list", list);//导出list集合
        try {
            Workbook book = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(param, data);
            //下载方法
            export(response, book, fileName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("导出模板Excel，失败:" + e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * export导出请求头设置
     *
     * @param response
     * @param workbook
     * @param fileName
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void export(HttpServletResponse response, Workbook workbook, String fileName) throws Exception {
        response.reset();
        response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + java.net.URLEncoder.encode(fileName+".xlsx", "UTF-8"));
        ServletOutputStream outStream = null;
        try {
            outStream = response.getOutputStream();
            workbook.write(outStream);
        } finally {
            outStream.close();
        }

    }

8.3修改模版

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9.easypoi和poi依赖会有冲突，请根据需求合理选择适用的方法